Chemical Grouts for Soils: Vol. II Engineering Evaluation of Available Materials

1977Final ReportJ.R. Sallberg ; B.R. ApplemanPDFTech ReportFHWA-RD-77-51DOT-FH-11-8826Chemical groutsFatigue (Mechanics)GelsPermeabilityResinsSetting (Concrete)SoilsStrength of materialsToxicityUnited StatesUnited States. Federal Highway Administration. Offices of Research & DevelopmentTallard, G. R.Caron, C.Soletanche and Rodio, Inc.United States. Federal Highway Administration. Offices of Research and DevelopmentFederal Highway AdministrationThe essence of this research is the search for more economical grouts not directly dependent on petroleum. The study has required an extensive investigation of 75 years of knowledge on chemical grouts in order to clear out the present diaspora of products. From this, a general classification of chemical grouts has been proposed, based on the nature of the major component. The grout materials were evaluated on the basis of several factors: injectability, permeability, setting time, strength of pure grout, strength of grouted soil, durability, toxicity. Grout families of substantial interest have been tested following these standards; further, a selected number of grouts have been tested for possible improvement. These tests indicate that lignochrome gels and furan resin derivatives are particularly promising. Volume II defines seven criteria to be used in grout evaluation: viscosity, setting time, permeability, intrinsic strength, strength of treated ground, durability and toxicity, and recommends standard testing procedures for each.93