Evaluation of bus management options for Independence National Historical Site

639294802Final reportWASO/ATPPDFTech ReportNPS TIC No. D-298Engine idlingTour busesNational parksEnvironmental impactsPerson capacityBus transit operationsWashington (District of Columbia)John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.)Spiller, DavidMickela, BarryBryan, Jeffrey R.John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (U.S.)United States. National Park ServiceUnited States. Dept. of Transportation. Research and Special Programs AdministrationAGR-PUBLIC AND TRIBAL LANDS-PUBLIC AND TRIBAL LANDSAGR-OTHER TOPICS-TourismNTL-PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION-Bus TransportationNTL-PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION-Social ImpactsVolpe National Transportation Systems Center, Technical Reference CenterThis project analyzes options and identifies preferred designs for a new transportation center in Independence National Historical Park. The Independence Transportation Center will be part of a planned National Constitution Center at Independence Mall. To determine the best type of facility, Volpe analyzed the consequences of each individual option, including capacity enhancement, safety, passenger quality, operational difficulty, impact on pedestrians, and visitor and environmental impacts. Capital and operational costs are discussed in detail before recommendations are presented