Expected Safety Benefits Of Implementing Intelligent Transportation Systems In Virginia: A Synthesis Of The Literature

753955PDFTech ReportFHWA/VTRC 99-R2Intelligent transportation systemsTraffic safetyBenefitsVirginiaVirginia. Dept. of TransportationJernigan, Jack D.Virginia. Dept. of TransportationNTL-INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS-INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMSAGR-INFRASTRUCTURE-Intelligent Transportation SystemsUS Transportation CollectionThe purpose of this study was to identify, through a literature review, the potential safety benefits of implementing various Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) technologies through Virginia's Smart Travel Program. This study was requested by the ITS Section of the Virginia Department of Transportation to document what is believed to be an underestimated benefit of ITS: safety. Several Advanced Traffic Management Systems technologies improve safety, primarily through reducing congestion. In general, this reduces crash risk, particularly for multivehicle crashes. Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) provide information to the public by such means as the broadcast media, cable television, highway advisory radio, and the Internet. Although no studies document an impact, a simulation study showed that such a system has the potential to reduce crash risk. Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) applications have the potential to reduce the risk of fatalities and serious injuries. CVO are generally geared to improving the efficiency of safety inspections and reducing inconvenience to motor carriers that are not in violation. Because of greater efficiency, more hazardous vehicles and drivers can be removed from service. Much of the work on Advanced Vehicle Control and Safety Systems is in the developmental stages. Although vehicle-based warning systems would provide the driver with some warning once the vehicle enters a hazardous situation, road-based or integrated systems have the potential to warn the driver before entering the danger zone. Advanced Public Transportation Systems and Advanced Rural Transportation Systems could have a positive impact on safety through the deployment of Mayday systems and alarms and other security warning devices that notify authorities in the event of an incident