Quantifying Biodiesel Fuel Effects on Light-Duty Diesel Engine Particle Composition by GCMS

015315152014PDFTech ReportTRC Report 14-009Biodiesel fuelsChemical compositionDiesel engine exhaust gasesDiesel enginesDynamometersEstersGas chromatographyHydrocarbonsMass spectrometersOrganic compoundsParticulatesPollutantsResearch HubVehicle design and safetyvehicles and equipmentenergyenvironmenthighwaysVermontUnited StatesUniversity of Vermont. Transportation Research CenterHolmen, BrittKasumba, JohnUniversity of Vermont. Transportation Research CenterUnited States. Dept. of Transportation. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and TechnologyNTL-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT-Alternative FuelsUS Transportation CollectionThis report addresses a knowledge gap in the literature on the organic chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) emitted by light-duty diesel engines operating on biodiesel fuel. Specifically, this work summarizes the development of sampling and analytical protocols to quantify a series of target analytes in PM collected from laboratory engine dynamometer experiments. The target analytes include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), normal alkanes, fatty acid methyl esters (FAMES) and 26 polar organic compounds (POCs) that include carbonyl, aldehyde and quinone chemical classes. The target analytes were selected based on the availability of authentic chemical standards and prior research on petroleum diesel exhaust composition. Preliminary results are presented for analyses of a limited number of raw fuel and exhaust particulate matter samples collected during steady-state engine operation. The analytical method is evaluated in terms of variability among replicate analyses, blank quantitation and individual target analyte recoveries and detection limits