International audienceThis article analyzes the genesis and meaning of the concept of a “social rule of law” (sozialer Rechtsstaat) which Heller put forward in the particular context of The Weimar Republic. Heller was at this time one of the jurists who criticized the liberal ideal of law. He instead promoted a social conception that would take socio-economic inequalities into consideration. However, this did not imply eliminating the rule of law; it was rather a question of extending it or elevating it to a higher point – which he called “social democracy” and from 1929, “social rule of law”. In the context of the crisis of democracy, this kind of statement clearly had a political dimension.Cette contribution analyse ce qui se cache derriè...