Prefabricated residential buildings in France (1960-1970). Building systems, models and refurbishment tools

Prefabricated residential buildings constitute a large share of the European building stock. In fact, between 1945 and 1979, 67% of the lodgings built in the European Union – out of a total of nearly 93 million units – have resorted to prefabrication. This percentage reaches 92-93% in highly industrialized countries (namely France, Germany and Scandinavian Countries).The paper explores the main French prefabricated systems during the 60s and 70s (Balency, Barets, Camus, Coignet, Costamagna, Estiot, Fiorio, Precoblin e Technove), used also in several European countries. The goal is the analysis and the classification of building techniques (materials and performances), developing innovative tools for the management of the refurbishment, according to the economic sustainability and the strategic guidelines recognized by the European Union for 2050