Variation or modification of the meaning of the judgment for the issuance of the sentence and judicial guarantees

En el desarrollo de los procesos judiciales, se presenta un constante debate probatorio, el cual requiere de atención exacta por parte del juzgador, quien, busca cumplir con un fin delegado, un fallo que respete las garantías judiciales; en búsqueda de su consolidación a través de una serie de criterios valorativos que se deben atender al momento de definir el grado de certeza sobre la verdad procesal descubierta, en el caso penal, a la postre del juicio oral, público y concentrado. Dichos criterios han de estar presentes desde la misma emisión del sentido de fallo; pese a ello se presentan modulaciones entre lo emitido y lo finalmente sentenciado, adquiriendo relevancia frente al problema planteado para la investigación al ser de tendencia funcionalista. Así, ante el caso hipotético sobre el cual se sustenta la investigación, la jurisprudencia ha definido que el fallo será justo siempre que las garantías fundamentales de las partes sean respetadas, cuando la actuación del juez penal al declarar la nulidad evite alterar el equilibrio procesal y respete las expectativas legítimas de estos, adquiridas una vez emitido el sentido del fallo en la audiencia de Juicio Oral.In the development of court proceedings, there is a constant trial debate, which requires exact attention by the judge who seeks to fulfill a delegated purpose, a judgement that respects the judicial guarantees; in search of its consolidation through a series of valuation criteria that must be taken care of when defining the degree of certainty about the procedural truth discovered, in the criminal case, at the end of the oral, public and concentrated trial. These criteria must be present from the same emission of the meaning of the judgment; despite this, there are modulations between what has been issued and what has been finally condemned, acquiring relevance to the problem posed for the research since it is a functionalist trend. Thus, before the hypothetical case on which the investigation is based, jurisprudence has defined that the judgment will be fair as long as the fundamental guarantees of the parts are respected, when the action of the criminal judge to affirm the nullity, avoid altering the procedural equity and respect the legitimate expectations of them, acquired once the meaning of the judgment in the Oral Trial hearing has been issued