Rancang bangun model pelayanan perizinan investasi terintegrasi

Private investment is important at providing development fund resources other than the state budget. The current target of the government is to develop business ease and to promote investment climate at regional level. Indonesia is currently ranked 73 in ease of doing business indexed by the World Bank Group in 2019. This condition is far below neighbouring countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand. Various efforts to promote business climate have been done, one of which is through improving licensing services. Licensing is defined as government authority given to individuals/groups who will carry out certain activities as part of the supervision and control process in the administrative mechanism. It means that the government plays an important role in creating a licensing system that administratively can support the development of the business climate, and at the same time the establishment of good governance in public service sector. This research was conducted with the aim of (1) analyzing the current situation of the organization and the implementation of investment licensing; (2) analyzing the regulatory map and its implementation on investment licensing; (3) developing a conceptual model of integrated investment licensing, (4) designing strategies for implementing an integrated investment licensing service model. The methods used in this study include Situational Analysis, Regulation Mapping, Soft System Methodology, Regulatory Impact Analysis and Analytical Hierarchy Process. The results of the study compiled from 230 sample of DPMPTSPs all around Indonesia through the distribution of questionaire and Focus Group Discussions as well as indepth interviews with expert respondents indicated that the quality of licensing services are still far from the ideal as expected by the government. The establishment of Agency of Investment and One-Stop Service or Dinas Penanaman Modal & Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) in all Provinces and Regencies/Cities has not been able to strengthen the relationship between licensing services and investment rate. Moreover, the Ministry of Home Affairs' 2018 data, reveals that only 79.7% of the regional heads delegated all licensing and non-licensing authorities, as mandated by law, to the DPMPTSP. Regarding the nomenclature, 70% regional goverment has formed DPMPTSP with nomenclature in accordance to MoHA Decree Number 138 Year 2017. Moreover, it is found that the composition of DPMPTSP comprised of 32.17% A Type, 35.78% B Type, 25.22% C Type and 7.83% others. The centralization of authority by regional heads had make it difficult for the DPMPTSP to optimize its function as a one stop service agency. Business actor expectation to receive easy licensing services has not been fullfiled. Convoluted mechanism problems, inadequate on-line application systems, inadequate infrastructure facilities, and inadequate skilled personnel are among problems encountered by business actors. In implementing the licensing service process the DPMPTSP is currently required to coordinate with the technical office to obtain a letter of recommendations before permits can be released. Nationaly, 45.91% of the technical teams are not assigned to be working one-roof in the DPMPTSP, but still situated in their technical office. The results of the regulation mapping analysis shows that there are 12 Laws, 4 Government Regulations, 4 Presidential Regulations, 26 Ministerial Regulations that regulate the process of licensing services in Indonesia. Further analysis founds several problems regarding regulations arise both in central and regional level, namely: (1) overlapping and colliding regulations; (2) lack of National Standard Guidance; (3) unintegrated National Standard Guidance; (4) Regional Laws do not comply with National Law or National Standard Guidance, especially those which regulate the licensing service institutions. From the above results, further analysis by utilizing the 6 stages of Soft System Methodology produced conceptual models, namely: (1) evaluation of regulations; (2) improvement of service mechanisms and (3) improvement of human resource quality. The designed model describes linkages among variables, actors, factors and the steps; as well as illustrates diagrammatically the format of the three decomposed submodels, and the format of the whole integrated one model. In order to design a strategy to implement the integrated investment licensing service model developed, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was performed. AHP scores show that from the three conceptual models it is known that the first priority is evaluation of regulation with a weight value of 0.539, the second priority is improvement of service mechanisms with a weight value of 0.244 and the third priority is improvement of human resources quality with a weight value of 0.217. Strategic application of the evaluation of regulation model leads to the importance of National Standard Guidance templates formulation; and the necessity to enact an Omnibus Law. The strategy to apply the improvement of service mechanism model is done through an Institutional Arrangement advancement and Online Single Submission System Advencement. The strategy to execute the Improvement of Human Resource Quality at operational level is carried out by education and training as well as by the improvement of promotion and placement system of personnel; while for the quality improvement of human resources at decision making level (Local Government Head) is conducted by guidance and supervision according to Law Number 23 Year 2014 mechanism and technical assistance. Furthermore, it is nessecary to implement affirmative policy in a form of talent pooling and jobs requirement fulfillment. Finally, the results of the model validation show that the integrated investment licensing service model can be implemented