Statistical Evaluation of New Estimators Used in Forced Oscillation Source Localization

Forced oscillations occur in power systems when a piece of equipment injects a periodic disturbance into the system. Under certain conditions, these oscillations can become large and widespread, impacting the system's reliability. Several methods have been proposed to identify the oscillation's source so that it can be addressed. One of the most promising is based on Dissipating Energy Flow (DEF). In this paper, a new expression for the DEF is developed under a set of commonly observed conditions. Based on this new expression, three new DEF estimators are proposed. The performance and sensitivities of these estimators, along with a previously published method, are evaluated using statistical methods. Results from simulated and measured power system data validate the DEF estimators and highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each