PROBLEMS OF REGULATION OF SECULARISM AND RELIGIOUS PRINCIPLES IN ARAB COUNTRIES

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that the wave of socio-political transformations that began in December 2010 in Tunisia and Algeria, called the «Arab Spring», was a phenomenon caused by a difficult internal situation, as well as internal and external factors that triggered these events. The article examines the degree of influence of political Islam on the processes of modernization, geopolitics, as well as sociopolitical development, including the need to create a scientific basis for regulating religious relations in Arab African countries, which have become a source of instability. In this context, political processes in North Africa and the Middle East are studied. The processes of social and political transformations have influenced the political systems of Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and other Gulf countries. Also, the result of social and religious unrest was the overthrow of the ruling regimes in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya. They led to changes in the ruling elite in Yemen and to this day the struggle continues between the Syrian government and the opposition. If the demonstrations against the regime in Tunisia, Egypt and Yemen were based on the internal socio-economic crisis, corruption of the ruling elite, the absence of genuine democratic freedoms and ethno-confessional confrontation, then the support of external forces was a key factor in Libya and Syria. At the same time, changes in the socio-political situation in each of the countries of the region directly affect their neighboring states. Recent events in the Middle East and North Africa have created a more complex and interdependent situation, which has led to changes in the relations of security and stability not only in neighboring regions, but also in the world. The influence of the «Arab spring» on North Africa and the Middle East is not the same. As a result of the political and economic upheavals of the Arab Spring, countries such as Tunisia, Egypt, Yemen, Bahrain, Libya, Syria were seriously affected by them. And on Morocco, Jordan, Lebanon, Algeria, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Oman, they had only a superficial influence. These events spanned the entire Arab world, with the exception of Somalia, Mauritania and the Comoros, and led to a change in their political systems, structures, as well as the political future of states