In the first place the concept of nationalism, which has been traditionally joined to the ambiguous idea of a free country and free citizens, is analysed; a dubious problematic relationship given the distance between State and Society. This difficulty justifies nationalism having been considered a significant but regrettable political phenomenon. In an attempt to resolve this difficulty the author clarifies and critisizes the liberal idea of a free country, where liberty is considered an individual value preliminary to society. Individuals are products of Society, and, therefore, individual autonomy is not the only way to structure to defend liberty. If the nation is a constituent element of individual identity, cannot be ignored when discu...