Smog Lake City: Exploring Air Pollution and Atherosclerosis

Epidemiological studies have shown an association between air pollution exposure and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the underlying mechanisms and pathways involved in pollution-induced CVD are not fully understood. Atherosclerosis, the process of arterial plaque formation, is a key factor in the development of many cardiovascular events. Our assumption is that exposure to air pollution is associated with the development and progression of atherosclerosis. We performed a systematic review of literature to determine if a relationship exists between exposure to air pollutants and atherosclerosis, and found evidence that supports a positive correlation. The key pollutants under investigation are particulate matter (PM), diesel exhaust (DE), mixed emissions (ME), nitric oxide (NO), ozone (O3), and carbon monoxide (CO). We performed our search in several databases, and all subsequent literary findings were reviewed by our four group members. Significance of each article to our topic was then examined and articles were excluded that were not found to be relevant based on our exclusion criteria. The research was then determined to either support or invalidate our theory. We were able to discuss recommendations and formulate methods of teaching to be implemented in our local patient population. In conclusion, we discovered a clear association between exposure to air pollution and the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and have developed specific recommendations for nurse practitioners to educate their patients based on their level of risk