Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that primarily affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. Recent research has indicated that NMO is a distinct disorder form multiple sclerosis, where CNS injury is driven by an autoimmune antibody response against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) localized on astrocyte foot processes. Due to significant risk for permanent neurologic impairment, rapid diagnosis and appropriate therapy are essential. This presentation will examine current treatment paradigms in NMO and address novel directions for future therapy