Ganglioside-Related Disorders (GQ1b; Miller-Fisher Syndrome; CANOMAD),

The elucidation of immunopathology at the nodal and paranodal regions of peripheral nerves, so called nodopathy-paranodopathy, is likely to open up new avenues of investigation into other immunological diseases linked to similar antibodies. Examples include autoimmune limbic encephalitis and epilepsy (both associated with leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1protein, LGI1, of the voltage-gated potassium channel complex, VGKC), Morvan's syndrome (associated with Caspr2 antibody), Isaacs' syndromeneuromyotonia (associated with VGKC antibody), Bickerstaff encephalitis (associated with GQ1b antibody) and CANOMAD (chronic, ataxia, neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia, M protein, agglutination, and associated with disialosyl GD1b ganglioside antibodies). Neuro-ophthalmologists may well encounter these conditions so it is helpful to have some familiarity with them.RSmillerfishervarian