Factors influencing depression among older adults.

The incidence of depression among elderly residents of San Joaquin County was investigated. Since most of the elderly have at least one chronic health condition causing a decrease in their levels of independence and functioning, it was hypothesized that the lower their level of independence, the more likely they are to experience symptoms of depression. A questionnaire was administered to the populations of two assisted living centers, asking participants to rate their abilities on an IADL (independent activities of daily living) scale. The IADL assessment scale allows a health professional to establish the levels at which an elderly individual functions in caring for himself or herself and performing the more sophisticated tasks of everyday life. Participants were also asked to complete the Geriatric Depression Scale. This scale was developed as a basic screening measure for depression among older adults. The researchers also asked participants about religious involvement, family, and education level. Scores for the IADL assessment scale and Geriatric Depression Scale were correlated. Results indicated an increase in depressive symptoms for participants experiencing decreased levels of IADL functioning. These findings support the original hypothesis of elderly experiencing lower IADL levels to be at increased risks of depression