Collective employment relattionships in era of precarious forms of work and digitalization

V magistrskem delu so obravnavana kolektivna delovna razmerja v dobi sodobne tehnologije in digitalizacije, kjer obseg prekarnega dela narašča. Eden od vzrokov za to je v večji fleksibilnosti trga dela, ki naj bi prispevala k večjim dobičkom in konkurenčnosti na globalnem trgu. Po drugi strani pa na to vpliva digitalizacija, ki spreminja organizacijo, oblike in način samega dela. V zvezi z varstvom pravnega položaja delavcev je pomemben sistem kolektivnih pogajanj, pravica delavcev do sindikalnega združevanja, pravica do stavke ter sodelovanja pri upravljanju. Vse te pravice so povezane s pojmom delavca in delovnega razmerja. Gre predvsem za nacionalni pojem, kar pomeni, da nacionalna zakonodaja in mednarodni akti veljajo za osebe, ki jih nacionalno pravo opredeljuje kot delavce. Pojem delavca je skozi sodno prakso razvilo tudi Sodišče EU, a le v povezavi z uporabo prava EU. V magistrskem delu so obravnavani pravni akti, ki zavezujejo Slovenijo, tako na mednarodni ravni, kot na ravni prava EU. Predstavljena je nacionalna zakonodaja na tem področju. Opredelila sem sistem kolektivnih pogajanj in definirala pravno naravo kolektivnih pogodb. Prav tako sem opredelila značilnosti stavke in sodelovanja delavcev pri upravljanju. V naslednjem poglavju sem predstavila nekatere oblike prekarnih oblik dela, ki se pojavljajo pri nas in v tujini, predvsem samozaposlene in prikrita delovna razmerja, Zero-hour Contract, delo na zahtevo preko spletnih platform, množično delo. Prav tako sem pregledala predlog Direktive EU o preglednih in predvidljivih delovnih pogojih, saj v nekaterih primerih razširja pojem delavca in izboljšuje njihove delovne pogoje, še posebno delavcem v nestandardnih oblikah zaposlitve. Bistveno vprašanje, ki je obravnavano v nalogi je, ali in na kakšen način, se lahko posamezniki, ki nimajo statusa delavca in delo opravljajo v nestandardnih prekarnih oblikah dela, vključijo v sindikate, ali zanje veljajo kolektivne pogodbe, ali imajo pravico do stavke in sodelovanja pri upravljanju.The master\u27s thesis deals with collective labor relations in the age of technology and digitization, where the number of precarious work increases. One of the reasons for this is the increased flexibility of the labor market, which is expected to contribute to higher profits and competitiveness in the global market. On the other hand, this is affected by digitization, which changes the organization, the forms and the way of the work itself. In this regard, is very important system of collective bargaining, the right of workers to trade unions, the right to strike, and workers\u27 collaboration in the management. All these rights relate to the concept of worker and employment relationship. This is a national concept, which means that national legislation and international acts apply to persons who are by national law defined as workers under national law. The concept of a worker has also developed through the case-law of the EU Court. Accordingly, the concept of worker is an autonomous phenomenon of EU law, which must be interpreted broadly, in accordance with EU law. Furthermore, the master\u27s thesis deals with legal acts that bind Slovenia, both internationally and at EU level. National legislation is presented here. I defined the system of collective bargaining and the legal nature of collective bargaining. I also defined strike and workers\u27 collaboration in the management. In the next section, I outlined the forms of precarious forms of work that occur in our country and abroad, self-employed and covert employment relationships, Zero-hour Contracts, on-demand work via an online platform, crowdwork. I also reviewed the proposal for an EU Directive on transparent and predictable working conditions, since in some cases it broadens the concept of worker and improves their working conditions, especially for workers in non-standard forms of employmenton. The essential question addressed in the assignment is whether and in what way individuals, who do not have the status of a worker, and work in non-standard and precarious forms of work, can join trade unions, whether they are subject to collective agreements, or entitled to strike and participate in management