Comparison of the use of coercive measures between police officers and officials of the financial administration

Diplomska naloga je omejena na slovensko zakonodajo in s tem na Slovenijo. Prisilna sredstva so določena v zakonodaji, ki predpisuje pravico njihove uporabe pooblaščenim uradnim predstavnikom represivnih organov. Represivnih organov v Sloveniji je več vrst, naloga pa se omejuje na policiste in uradne osebe finančne uprave, ki so pooblaščene za uporabo prisilnih sredstev. V nalogi so tako na splošno predstavljena prisilna sredstva policistov in uradnih oseb finančne uprave ter pogoji, ki so potrebni, da se prisilna sredstva lahko uporabijo. Pri tem so pogoji za uporabo posameznih vrst prisilnih sredstev načeloma pogojeni z nalogami in cilji za izvedbo zakonsko določenih nalog pooblaščenih oseb obeh represivnih organov. Narejeni sta dve primerjavi. Najprej je narejena primerjava na osnovi temeljnih načel (načelo spoštovanja človekove osebnosti in dostojanstva ter drugih človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin, načelo enake obravnave, načelo zakonitosti, načelo sorazmernosti ter načelo strokovnosti in integritete), kjer se je izkazalo, da normativna ureditev uporabe prisilnih sredstev policistov in uradnih oseb finančne uprave, ki so pooblaščene za uporabo prisilnih sredstev, izhaja iz enakih temeljnih načel. Druga primerjava je narejena glede na vrste prisilnih sredstev in pogojev njihove uporabe. Skupno imata oba represivna organa štiri vrste prisilnih sredstev (sredstva za vklepanje in vezanje, telesno silo, plinski razpršilec in strelno orožje) in do neke mere enake pogoje njihove uporabe. Zaradi večjega obsega zakonsko določenih nalog imajo policisti tudi več možnosti izbire znotraj posameznih vrst prisilnih sredstev. Policisti imajo zakonsko določene različne naloge in imajo poleg obvladovanja upiranja ali odvračanja napadov med drugim tudi nalogo varovanja človekovega življenja, njegove osebne varnosti in premoženja ljudi. Zato jim zakon dovoljuje uporabo več vrst prisilnih sredstev, kar pomeni, da imajo tudi bolj razčlenjene in razširjene pogoje za njihovo dovoljeno uporabo.The diploma thesis is limited to Slovenian legislation and thus to Slovenia itself. Coercive measures are set out in legislation that prescribes the right of use to authorized officials of repressive authorities. There are several types of repressive authorities in Slovenia, and the task is limited to police officers and financial administration officials authorized to use coercive measures. The assignment thus generally presents the coercive measures of the police officers and officials of the financial administration and the conditions necessary for the use of coercive measuers. In doing so, the conditions for the use of particular types of coercive measures are, in principle, contingent on the tasks and objectives for carrying out the statutory tasks of authorized persons of both repressive bodies. Two comparisons are made. First, a comparison is made on the basis of fundamental principles (the principle of respect for human personality and dignity and other human rights and fundamental freedoms, the principle of equal treatment, the principle of legality, the principle of proportionality and the principle of professionalism and integrity), where the regulatory framework for the use of coercive measures shows that the police officers and financial administration officials empowered to use coercive measures have the same fundamental principles. The second comparison is made with regard to the types of coercive measures and the conditions of their use. The common base is that the two repressive authorities have four types of coercive measures (locking and tying, physical force, gas spray and firearms) and, to some extent, the same conditions of use. Due to the greater scope of statutory tasks, police officers also have more choices within the types of coercive measures themselves. Police officers have different statutory tasks and, in addition to controlling the resistance or deterring attacks, they also have the task of protecting human life, their personal safety and the property of people. Therefore, the law allows them to use many more types of coercive measures, which means that they also have more more detailed and expanded conditions for their authorized use