An Inclusive Study and Classification of Harmonic Phenomena in Electric Railway Systems

Electric railway systems (ERSs) have been challenged with harmonic issues since they have emerged. Different forms of harmonic distortions have been reported in various types of ERSs all over the world which are originated by nonlinear features of trains, power electronic based drive converters, and interaction between multiple trains and ERS. The essential purpose of this paper is to study and classify different forms of harmonic phenomena based on the type of operating ERS, the effective factors, origins of creation, destructive effects and compensation methods. It can provide a perfect perspective on the status of harmonic issues of ERS to researchers and engineers. About 70 research publications are classified and listed in the reference for a quick review of researchers and provide a useful background