Model kolaborasi strategis stakeholder dalam mendukung pembangunan perumahan berkelanjutan bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan rendah

Indonesian Law No. 1 of Year 2011 on housing and settlement region (considerations point b) made it clear that the state is responsible for protecting all Indonesian citizens through the implementation of housing and residential areas so that people can live and inhabit a sustainable home. To achieve this goal is not easy, the government has made various efforts such as facilitating community involvement to improve the quality of their housing independently with the support of the scheme aid stimulants housing governmental (BSPS), open access to low-income communities (MBR) for reach house prices in the housing market with down payment assistance scheme (BUM) and reduction mortgage lending scheme housing finance liquidity facility (FLPP). Although the schemes that have been developed have been able to open up access to the MBR to families who are poor (the poor) through BSPS and MBR are classified as bankable through FLPP, but there are still segments of society who are poor can not access the program because, for example MBR has no access to land or who are categorized as non bankable and many more issues and development challenges are so complex. The proposed research aims to develop an alternative scheme to fill the gaps of schemes that already exist such that through the approach of a strategic collaboration between the business, government, academic, community, and non governmental organizations in supporting the development of community-based housing reserved for MBR. Given the problems of construction of residential complex and dynamic and multi aspect and multi stakeholders is thus likely to be conducted by the research approach follow a mixed methods approach with a sequence transformation strategy in data collection. A combination of non-participative observation with in depth interview and literature study will be used in qualitative part and survey of questionnaire will be conducted as a quantitative part of the research in one of the cities/regencies in Indonesia (District Bandung, West Java). Expected outcomes are the Strategic Collaboration Model for Community-based Sustainable Housing Development Program for the MBR. Beside that the formulation of policies for the government associated with the model of strategic collaboration are also expected too in this study. The results of this research reveals that in general, Sustainabe Housing in Bandung district is categorises as ‘bad’ or ‘less sustainable’ with a SHDI Score of 2.57378. It means that further investigation is needed to identify the problems within stakeholder in supporting sustainable housing development. Therefore, socio-demographic characteristics of each stakeholders are identified, and followed by provides explanation that supports their perception towards sustainable housing development. For instance, while the community has high expectation for the fulfillment of sustainable housing development criteria, however, their economic ability to buy the house are limited. Similarly, other characteristics of the stakeholder are also explaining their perception towards sustainable housing development, as it is described descriptively in chapters 4 and 5. In terms of overall perception, stakeholders' perceptions towards Sustainable Housing Development for low-income communities resulted in a sequence perception of the fulfillment of their expectation. They are consecutively as follows: (1) legal aspects and procedures, (2) the role of government, (3) private role, (4) sustainable housing criteria, (5) role of NGOs and (6) role of academics. In detail, the results of this dissertation research shown that, for each of these factors, there are perception gaps which describe a gap between what is considered to be importance and what has been achieved (performance), as described through descriptive analysis by using table and importance performance analysis (IPA) maps as well as inferential statistics by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) in chapters 6 and 7. This research has also resulted a proposed model of Strategic Stakeholders’ Collaboration for Sustainable Housing Development, which is based on the empirical result. There are three collaborative model resulted from this research: hypothetic model, analytical model, and implementative model of sustainable housing for low income communities. The model suggests that stakeholders’ collaboration is needed to support sustainable housing development, as long as the perceptions’ gap among stakeholders are diminished. In this research, the gaps are existing between business sectors with all of stakeholders. Government has an important role to alleviate these gaps in order to functionalise the stakeholders’ collaboration. Finally, this research also propose a sustainable housing development index model and sustainable housing development index (SHDI score), which can be undertaken to assess a sustainable housing development project, particularly in the context of the fulfillment of its sustainability factors. The model can be used by policy makers as well as practitioners to implement sustainable housing development for low-income communities in Indonesia