Kesan pemberian kadar baja NPK yang berbeza terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil beberap varieti padi tradisional tempatan Sabah

This experiment has conducted to determine the effect of application of fertilizer at different rates to the five traditional paddy varieties Sabah (Jamart Filipin, Moatan, Tadong and Serendah Merah) and compared with one high-yielding variety {Tuaran Rice 8, TR8). This experiment was conducted in net house c; Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah and was conducted for six months start from June 2016 to November 2016. Each of this varieties was treated with three different rates of fertilizer which were 60:30:30 kg ha·1, 120:90:60 kg ha·1 and 180:120:90 kg ha·1 with three replication for each treatment and it was arranged by using Completely Randomize Design (CRD) with two factorial. For vegetative growth component, the data was taken along the growth period of the paddy plant until it was harvested. The data parameter taken were plant height (cm), numbers of tillers, percentage of productive tillers(%) and culm height (cm). Parameter taken for yield were obtained after the paddy reaching the physiological maturity. This include the panicle length (cm), number of panicle per hilt percent of filled grain and empty grain (% ), weight of 1000 grain and extrapolated yield per hectare per season (tan ha·1). For soil pH analysis, it was conducted before planting and after planting. The data was analyse by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of Statistical Analysis System (SAS Ver 9.4) software. Results for vegetative growth showed VJ and 83 combination (Rlipin variety and NPK fertilizer rate of 180: 120: 90 kg ha·1J has the highest plant height (161.56 cm and 138.24 cm) and the highest culm height (117.25 cm and 95.92 cm). VJ and 83 combination {TR8 variety and NPK fertilizer rate of 180: 120: 90 kg ha-1) showed the highest number of tillers which is 20:06 and 16.61. V2 and 81 combination (Jamari variety and fertl'lizer NPK 60:30:30 rates kg ha·1J has the highest number of productive tillers at 97.03% and 93.37%. For yield components result, VJ and 83 combination {TR8 variety and NPK fertilizer rate of 1 BO: 120: 90 kg ha·1) showed that the highest number of panicle 20:06 and 16:14. V4 and 83 combination {Tadong variety and NPK fertilizer rate of 180: 120: 90 kg ha·1) showed the highest panicle length (28.43 cm and 25.89 cm), the highest value of percentage of filled grain (89.12% and 86.71%}, the highest weight of 1000 grains (30.32g and 26.15g) and also has the highest value of extrapolated paddy yield in per hectare per season with value of 6.06 t ha·1 and 5.23 t ha·1 respectively. Therefore, the best recommendation to farmers is by using combination of variety Serendah Merah (V6) and 81 NPK rates. It have second best extrapolated yield but have shorter growing period thus more planting season can be done comparing to other varieties. The second recommendation is variety Tadong (V4) and 81 NPK rates because it had the highest extrapolated yield (6.06 t ha·1J while saving cost for fertilizer because only use small amount of fertilizer. Using of this 81 NPK rates also better in sustainable agriculture term because it reducing the amount of synthetic fertilizer application