Some parameters of the oxidative stress in lens, humour aqueous and serum of patients with diabetes and age-related cataract

Contemporary hypothesis considers the oxidative stress as a crucial event in age-related processes in the body, as well as in the age-related cataract formation. The secondary aging factors accelerate ageing processes. One of them is diabetes. With the aim of investigation of the noninsulin-dependent diabetes (Type II) influence on cataract genesis here were analyzed contents of the lipid oxidation products (lipid peroxides - LP) and total sulfhydryle groups (TSH) in the lens’ corticonuclear blocks and antioxidative capacity in their humour aqueous expressed as percent of induced malondyaldehyde (% iMDA) in 14 samples obtained from patients with cataract and diabetes mellitus type II (without diabetic complications) and compared to 66 samples of patients with cataract without diabetes, as well as some parameters of the oxidative stress in serums (content of vitamin C, acrobat - A dehydroascorbate - DA and their relation, vitamin E, glutathione - GSH peroxidase - P and catalase - Cat activity, content of malondyaldehyde - MDA and % iMDA) of 27 patients with age-related cataract and diabetes mellitus type II (without complications), and compared to the other 135 age-related cataract patients. Also were analyzed frequencies of the secondary senium diseases in a clinical group of 162 patients with cataract and sex and age matched 55 examined people without cataract, as a control group. Patients with diabetes and cataract have lower values of almost all investigated parameters of antioxidative defense in their serum and higher level of the lipid peroxidation products. Level of glutathione in their serums is significantly lower (p<0.05). Intensity of lipid peroxidation in corticonuclear lens blocks is higher in patients with diabetes, whereas their total sulfhydryle groups and % iMDA in humour aqueous shows lower antioxidant capacity in the same group, probably because of higher intensity of oxidative stress. Also, by investigation of frequencies of the secondary ageing diseases in patients with age-related cataract and age and sex matched control subjects, by a logistic regression was found high odds ratio (2.506) for diabetes. Results confirm hypothesis of the oxidative stress role in the age-related cataract genesis, and especially of patients with diabetes mellitus