International audienceNeuropsychological clinical dissociations between musical and linguistic skills in brain damage patients suggest the view of an autonomous musical semantic memory. On the basis of these clinical observations, Isabelle Peretz et al. propose the existence of a pure musical lexicon. However, the nature and the organization of musical semantic representations always drive many debates. Does musical knowledge’s constitute a particular semantic category (like faces), are they purely perceptual representations, and let us must rather speak about musical perceptual memory or musical semantic memory? Moreover, the data resulting from the functional neuroimaging not always clearly highlight a neural specificity during recovery o...