Methods for measuring blood glucose concentration

Dijabetes je neizlječivi metabolički poremećaj. Razvija se zbog nedostatka inzulina u tijelu, neosjetljivost organizma na inzulin ili oboje. Uzrokuje povišene razine glukoze u krvi što se naziva hiperglikemija ili smanjene koncentracije glukoze koje znamo pod nazivom hipoglikemija. Cilj ovog rada je sažeto i organizirano opisati različite neinvazivne, minimalno invazivne i neinvazivne metode mjerenja razine glukoze u krvi sa njihovim prednostima i nedostacima. Kako bi se razvio pouzdan uređaj za kontinuirano praćenje glukoze u krvi koji je prenosiv, nenametljiv i lak za nošenje na koži, utrošeni su veliki napori u razna znanstvena istraživanja. Trenutno je veliki broj metoda već otkriven i opisan, ali samo ih se nekoliko koristi i u praksi.Diabetes mellitus is an incurable metabolic disorder that results in the human body due to insulin deficiency, insulin resistance or both. It causes elevated blood glucose levels called hyperglycemia or decreased glucose levels known as hypoglycemia. The aim of this study is to describe concise and organised information about different techniques of non-invasive, minimally invasive and invasive continuous blood glucose monitoring with its advantages and limitations. Many research groups have been working to develop wearable sensors for continuous blood glucose monitoring that may become predictable, selective, reliable and acceptable for patient use. In the present, many methods are already discovered and described, but only few are used in practice