RAILWAY TRAFFIC IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

Željeznički promet obuhvaća prijevoz robe i putnika željeznicom. Pod željezničkim se prometom smatra organizirano kretanje željezničkih prijevoznih sredstava putem željezničke mreže i sve operacije te komunikacije željezničkoga prometa. željeznički prijevoz posjeduje brojne komparativne prednosti, poput brzine i udobnosti za putnike te ekonomiju razmjera kada se priča o teretnom prijevozu, na velikim i srednjim udaljenostima te doprinos koji može pružiti u području dekarbonizacije prijevoza i socijalno uključive mobilnosti.. No, bez obzira na sve prednosti još uvijek teško ostvaruje svoj potencijal. Kako bi se uspostavilo jedinstveni europski željeznički prostor, potrebno je uložiti velike napore da bi se postigla tehnička interoperabilnost te kako bi se osiguralo da vozila željeznice imaju mogućnost prelaska državnih granica. Uz to, standardizacija opreme i sustava ključni je faktor za postizanje učinkovitosti te smanjena troškova. Cilj zakonodavstva Europske unije je promicati interoperabilnost željezničkog prometa. KLJUČNE RIJEČI: ţeljeznički promet; Europska unija; transportRailway traffic includes the transport of goods and passengers by rail. It includes the organized movement of transport through the railway network and all operations and communications of rail transport. Rail has a number of comparative advantages, such as speed and comfort for passengers and economies of scale when it comes to freight transport, long and medium distances, the contribution on that it can make in the area of transport decarbonisation and socially inclusive mobility. But, it is still hard to reach full potential. In order to establish a single European railway area, great efforts must be made to achieve technical interoperability and to ensure that railway vehicles have the ability to cross national borders. In addition, standardization of equipment and systems is a key factor in achieving efficiency and reducing costs. The aim of European Union legislation is to promote rail interoperability