Micropropagation of blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) in vitro

Borovnica (Vaccinium L.) pripada voćnoj vrsti čiji je intenzivni uzgoj započeo dosta kasno, odnosno u RH nema veliku tradiciju uzgoja. Uslijed politike poticanja malih poljoprivrednih gospodarstava, odnosno subvencijama europskih fondova polako dolazi do povećanja površina pod intenzivnom proizvodnjom borovnice. Sve je veći interes mladih proizvođača koji uslijed uvida u loše stanje po pitanju otkupne cijene nekog drugog voća ulažu svoja sredstva upravo u podizanje novih nasada pod borovnicom. Posljedica svega navedenog je i potreba, odnosno povećana potražnja proizvođača za certificiranim i zdravim sadnim materijalom. U voćarskoj i rasadničarskoj proizvodnji RH kronično je aktualan problem nedostatka visoko kvalitetnog reprodukcijskog sadnog materijala (uvoz, sivo tržište, zdravstveno neispravan materijal upitne kvalitete). Suvremena znanstvenoistraživačka praksa razvijenih zemalja EU u produkciji specijaliziranih i strateških biljnih kultura u potpunosti se temelji na uporabi suvremenih biotehnoloških metoda. In vitro mikropropagacija kulturom tkiva osigurava dobivanje visokokvalitetnog i fitosanitarno ispravnog biljnog materijala u vrlo kratkom vremenskom intervalu neovisno od klimatskih uvjeta. Ovaj završni rad strukturiran je na način da ukaže na važnost proizvodnje borovnice kulturom tkiva, dosadašnje spoznaje, dostignuća i modele, te budućnost i perspektivu mikropropagacije borovnice in vitro tehnikom.Blueberry (Vaccinium L.) belongs to a fruit species whose intensive cultivation started very late and does not have a large breeding tradition in the Republic of Croatia. Due to the policy of encouraging small farms, i.e. subsidies from European funds, the area under intensive blueberry production is slowly increasing. The interest of young producers is growing because of the insight into the poor situation regarding the purchase price of other fruits, and they want to invest their money in blueberry plantations. The consequence of all the above is the need, increased demand of producers for certified and healthy planting material. In the fruit and nursery production of the Republic of Croatia is a chronically problem of the lack of high quality reproductive planting material (import, gray market, defective material and questionable quality). The modern scientific and research practice of the developed EU countries in the production of specialized and strategic crops is entirely based on the use of modern biotechnological methods. Micropropagation by tissue culture ensures high quality and phytosanitary plant material obtained in a very short time interval and independent of climatic conditions. This graduated work is structured to point out the importance of blueberry production by tissue culture, current knowledge, achievements and models, and the future and perspective of blueberry micropropagation by in vitro technique