Psychopathology of schizophrenia

U ovom je radu detaljno izložena i objašnjena psihopatologija shizofrenije; skupine duševnih poremećaja kojima je zajedničko postojanje različitih kognitivnih, emocionalnih i bihevioralnih disfunkcija. Uz srodne psihotične poremećaje shizofrenija spada u F20 po MKB-10 klasifikaciji. Ova bolest, čiji su uzroci i patogeneza unatoč velikom trudu i brojnim istraživanjima, još uvijek nepoznati, pogađa sve ljude neovisno o mjestu ili vremenu prebivanja. Prognoza bolesti ovisi o više čimbenika, a suvremeno je liječenje omogućilo život pojedinca izvan institucija. Postoje točno definirani uvjeti za dijagnozu shizofrenije (po MKB-10 klasifikaciji), a konačna je svrha liječenja reintegracija u društvo. Sama je simptomatika shizofrenije, bolesti koja najčešće započinje u adolescenciji, izrazito široko područje. Raznolika obilježja kliničke slike te različite težine bolesti uvjetuju jedinstvenu sliku shizofrenije kod svakog oboljelog pojedinca. U nekih će početak bolesti obilježiti jasni, vidljivi, nagli i ozbiljni simptomi, dok će kod drugih bolest početi polagano, postupno, bez jasno vidljivih simptoma. Detaljno razrađena klinička slika i simptomi koji su podijeljeni na pozitivne, negativne, kognitivne, socijalne i na tjelesne znakove i simptome, glavni su dio rada. Detaljno objašnjeni jasno upućuju na povezanost sa utjecajem na cjelokupni dojam i prezentaciju bolesnika. Također, u razradi su obrađene faze bolesti koje su obilježene pripadajućim razloženim simptomima te podjela shizofrenije.In this paper, the psychopathology of schizophrenia is presented and explained in detail; groups of mental disorders that have the common existence of various cognitive, emotional and behavioral dysfunctions. With related disorders of personality, schizophrenia belongs to F20 by ICD-10 classification. This disease, whose causes and pathogenesis despite the great effort and numerous studies that are still unknown, affects all people regardless of the place or time of their being. The prognosis of the disease depends on several factors, and modern treatment has allowed the life of an individual outside the institution. There are exactly defined conditions for the diagnosis of schizophrenia (by ICD-10 classification), and the ultimate purpose of treating is reintegration into society. It is the symptomatology of schizophrenia, the disease that most often begins in adolescence, that is an extremely wide area. A variety of clinical image and varying severity of illness, condition a unique picture of schizophrenia in each affected individual. In some, in the early stages of the disease, clear, visible, sudden and serious symptoms will be marked; while in others, diseases will begin slowly, gradually, without clearly visible symptoms. A thoroughly elaborated clinical picture and symptoms that are divided into positive, negative, cognitive, social, and bodily signs and symptoms are the main part of the work. Detailed explanations clearly point to the relationship with the impact on the overall impression and presentation of the patient. Also, there are elaborated phases of the disease characterized by the associated symptomatic symptoms and the division of schizophrenia