Influence of substrate and fertilization on the growth and development of French marigold

Proizvodnja jednogodišnjih cvjetnih vrsta zauzima značajno mjesto u ukupnoj proizvodnji cvijeća u svijetu. Među značajne vrste svakako se može ubrojiti kadifica niska (Tagetes patula) sa širokim asortimanom kultivara različite boje cvata. Presadnice proizvedene novim tehnologijama u tzv. plug sistemu izlaze na tržište tijekom proljeća i sade se na otvoreno nakon prestanka opasnosti od mrazeva. Daljnje održavanje takvih sadnica u dobroj kondiciji tijekom cvatuće sezone uvelike ovisi o kvalitetnom supstratu u koji su posađene te o optimalnoj prihrani tekućim mineralnim gnojivima. Cilj rada je utvrditi utjecaj supstrata i prihrane s tekućim mineralnim gnojivom na rast i razvoj kadifice niske. Pokus je bio postavljen po shemi slučajnog bloknog rasporeda u pet repeticija i proveden u vrtu Zavoda za ukrasno bilje, krajobraznu arhitekturu i vrtnu umjetnost na Agronomskom fakultetu u Zagrebu. Dobro ukorijenjene sadnice ujednačenog rasta posađene su u plastične lonce zapremnine 500 ml u dvije različite smjese supstrata "Flora san" univerzalni supstrat za cvijeće te "BrillTyp 5 soft". Prihranjivanje se provodilo u više navrata s 0,1 dl po loncu 1,5%-tne otopine i 3,0%-tne otopine tekućeg mineralnog gnojiva „Plantella“. Pokus je trajao od svibnja do rujna 2019. godine. Tijekom uzgoja na biljkama se mjerila visina i promjer te utvrdio broj listova, pupova i cvatova po biljci. Na temelju podataka dobivenih mjerenjem na kraju pokusa provedena je analiza varijance za istraživana svojstva. Iako nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike, uočeno je da su biljke uzgajane u supstratu trgovačkog naziva “BrillTyp 5 soft" postigle bolje rezultate za sva ispitivana svojstva. Na povećanje broja pupova i cvatova utjecala je primjena gnojiva, gdje je uz gnojidbu s 1,5-tnom koncentracijom tekućeg mineralnog gnojiva bilo 11% više pupova i cvatova u usporedbi s kontrolom i s 3-tnom koncentracijom gnojiva.Production of annual flower species takes a significant place in the total production of flowers in the world. Among the significant species, one can certainly include the marigold (Tagetes patula) with a wide range of cultivars with different colors of flowers. Seedlings produced by new technologies in the so-called plug systems are marketed in the spring and planted outdoors after the end of the frost hazard. Further maintenance of such seedlings in good condition during the flowering season largely depends on the quality of substrate in which they are planted and on the optimal nutrition of liquid mineral fertilizers. The aim of the study is to determine the influence of substrate and fertilization with liquid mineral fertilizer on the growth and development of marigold. Randomized block design with five repetitions was used in the experiment and it was conducted in the garden of the Department of Ornamental Plants, Landscape Architecture and Garden Art at the Faculty of Agriculture in Zagreb. Well rooted seedlings of uniform growth were planted in 500 ml plastic pots in two different mixtures of "Flora san" substrate universal flower substrate and "Brill Typ 5 soft". Fertilization was carried out repeatedly with 0.1 dl per pot of 1.5% solution and 3.0% solution of liquid mineral fertilizer "Plantella". The experiment lasted from May to September 2019. During cultivation, the plants height and diameter were measured and the number of leaves, buds and inflorescences per plant were determined. Based on the measurement data that were obtained at the end of the experiment, analysis of variance for measured characteristics were carried out. Although no statistically significant differences were found, it was noticed that plants grown in the substrate under the trade name “Brill Typ 5 soft” achieved better results for all the measured characteristics. The liquid mineral fertilizer concentration of 1.5% solution had 11% more buds and inflorescences compared to the control and the fertilizer concentration of 3% solution