Percolation-based architecture for cluster state creation using photon-mediated entanglement between atomic memories

A central challenge for many quantum technologies concerns the generation of large entangled states of individually addressable quantum memories. Here, we show that percolation theory allows the rapid generation of arbitrarily large graph states by heralding the entanglement in a lattice of atomic memories with single-photon detection. This approach greatly reduces the time required to produce large cluster states for quantum information processing including universal one-way quantum computing. This reduction puts our architecture in an operational regime where demonstrated coupling, collection, detection efficiencies, and coherence time are sufficient. The approach also dispenses the need for time-consuming feed-forward, high cooperativity interfaces and ancilla single photons, and can tolerate a high rate of site imperfections. We derive the minimum coherence time to scalably create large cluster states, as a function of photon-collection efficiency. We also propose a variant of the architecture with long-range connections, which is even more resilient to site yields. We analyze our architecture for nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, but the approach applies to any atomic or atom-like systems.Air Force Office of Scientific Research MURIUnited States Department of DefenseAir Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)MURI [FA9550-14-1-0052]; Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Center for Distributed Quantum Information (CDQI); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) DRINQSUnited States Department of DefenseDefense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) [HR001118S0024]; National Science Foundation (NSF) RAISE TAQSNational Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-1839155]; EFRI ACQUIRE [EFMA-1838911]; Samsung Scholarship; Office of Naval Research MURIMURIOffice of Naval Research [N00014-16-C-2069]Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu