The article discusses identity and it’s theoretically relevance in the history studies. It relates the concept with the main characteristic (transitoriness, sense of territorial, ethnic and class belonging) as well as with the theoretical implications concerning the concepts of memory, past, symbolic and imaginary construction of society. As it understands the nation as the most important identity during the contemporary period, it analyzes the decadence of that paradigm in the end of the 20th century.O artigo discute teoricamente o termo identidade e sua pertinência nos estudos de história. Relaciona o conceito com as principais características (transitoriedade, polissemia, sentido de pertencimento territorial, étnico e de classe) e com as...