Success of Foreign Investments in Slovenia

Tuje investicije so del vsakdanjega poslovanja. Podjetniki nenehno iščejo nove trge, na katerih bi lahko poslovali in vlagali svoj kapital. Pri tem pa se pogosto odločajo za tuje trge, ki so že zelo dobro razviti in je posledično kupna moč višja. Lahko pa se odločijo, da se podajo na trge, ki so še v razvoju in se tam pojavijo kot prvi. Razlogov, zakaj se podjetniki odločijo za poslovanje na določenem tujem trgu, je lahko več. Če jih izpostavimo le nekaj, so to delovna sila, želja po novem obratu ali prevzem določenega podjetja. S tem ko je postalo mednarodno poslovanje vedno bolj v ospredju in so se posledično meje navidezno izbrisale lahko tujih vlaganj v prihodnosti pričakujemo še več. V Sloveniji smo zadnjih nekaj let deležni predvsem tega, da tuje korporacije prevzemajo naša podjetja. Pri tem velikokrat prevzamejo takšna podjetja, ki poslujejo slabo oziroma je uspeh njihovega poslovanja padel, po drugi strani pa imajo dobre proizvode ali storitve in ugledne blagovne znamke oziroma podjetja. Kot primer lahko navedemo prevzem podjetja Laško s strani Heinekena, prevzem Radenske s strani Kofole, prevzem Mercatorja s strani Konzuma. Pri vseh teh primerih so podjetja zašla v težave, poslovala slabše in so potrebovala tuj kapital in zanje. V diplomskem projektu smo proučili kakšno je stanje tujih investicij v Sloveniji in kaj so prednosti in slabosti slovenskega trga. Na podlagi tega smo ugotovili, kaj tuje investitorje privablja k vlaganju kapitala v Slovenijo in kaj jih od tega odvrača. Ugotovili smo, da jih privablja predvsem kompetentna delovna sila in odvrača preveč zapletena birokracija. Proučili smo tudi značilnosti prevzemov in kako je nanje vplivala privatizacija. Kot primere tujih investicij smo izpostavili dva večja prevzema, in sicer prevzem podjetja Laško s strani Heinekena in prevzem Lumarja s strani Green Building Group. V primeru podjetja Laško gre za uspešen prevzem, saj je poslovanje podjetja izboljšalo ter odplačani so bili vsi dolgovi. V drugem primeru, prevzemu podjetja Lumar, pa za slab prevzem, saj se je poslovanje podjetja po prevzemu poslabšalo. Družina Lukić je zaradi tega podjetje dve leti od prevzema odkupila nazaj, ker se v okviru nove družbe niso mogli razvijati. Glede na to, da se bodo prevzemi slovenskih podjetij dogajali tudi v prihodnje, je pomembno opredeliti, ali je bolje, da slovenska podjetja prevzamejo tuja podjetjaali je bolje, da podjetja ostanejo v slovenski lasti. Mnenja glede tega so zelo deljena. Učimo se lahko na podlagi dosedanjih prevzemov, pa vendar ima vsak prevzem drugačne značilnosti, tako kot je vsako prevzeto podjetje drugačno.Foreign investments are a part of everyday business. Entrepreneurs are continuously looking for new markets to do business and investing their capital. They choose markets that are well developed and have high purchasing power. However, they can choose to appear in developing countries, where they are the first in this market. Reasons why entrepreneurs decide to do business in a particular market are different. Exposing only a few the reasons are workforce, the desire for a new plant or the takeover of a particular company. By becoming an international business, it is increasingly in the forefront, so as a consequence the boundaries seem to be erased, foreign investments in the future can be expected even more. In Slovenia we can see that foreign corporations take over domestic companies. Often they take over companies in which the business has fallen, but on the other hand they have good products or services and reputable trademarks. We can give some examples like the takeover of Laško from the side of Heiniken, the takeover of Radenska by Kofole, the takeover of Mercator by Konzum. Common with these companies was that they had troubles in business, so they needed foreign capital and knowledge. In the diploma project, we studied the state of investment in Slovenia and also the benefits and the weakness of Slovenia market. On this basis we found out what attracts the investors and what disturbs them. We have found that they are attracted primarily by a good workforce and discourage too complicated bureaucracy. We studied also what takeovers are and how privatization has influenced the fact that more and more transitions are currently taking place. As examples of foreign investments, we choose two major takeovers. The takeover of Laško by Heineken and the takeover of Lumar by Green Building Group. We considered the example of Laško as a successful takeover, because the business has improved after a takeover and they payed all debts. The second example with Lumar, we considered as a bad takeover because the business of the company deteriorated. Because of this, the Lukić family has bought the company back after two years from the takeover because they could not developed in the company Green Building Group. The takeovers of Slovenian companies will take place in the future. Slovenian companies have to consider what is best for them: being taken by foreign companies or to remain under Slovenian ownership. Opinions on this are divided. We can learn on the previous takeovers, but every takeover has different characteristics like every acquired company does