跨国界与跨语际的鲁迅翻译 (1925~1949) / A Theory of the Translations of Lu Xun’s works : ── 中、日、台反法西斯的「地下火」与台湾光复初期「鲁迅战斗精神」的再现

The works of Lu Xun were introduced into Japan in 1928. About 1930, with the translation of “The true story of Ah Q”, Lu Xun’s notoriety in Japan made considerable progress and works like the “Lu Xun’s Studies” were published about him. In the antifascist context, they present in East Asia, Lu Xun was the first Chinese writer to appear on the Japanese cultural scene. By introducing the literature of “small weak nations” he drew the attention of the pro-proletarian literary milieu to the writers in Taiwan, Korea and Mandchuria and thus introduced new ideas in Japan. During the Restoration period in Taiwan (1945), in protest against the civil war opposing the nationalist and communist parties, and also against the fascist domination, the combative spirit of Lu Xun was re-invested by the Taiwanese cultural milieu, following a first wave of influence in the 20’s and the ’30s amid the Sino-Japanese cultural circles. In this article, on the basis of translations of Lu Xun’s works, I would like to show that the “Underground Fire” in China and in Japan can be traced to the same origin. I shall also examine a few elements of the proletarian literature at the time of internationalism before the Second World War.鲁迅的作品1928年被介绍到日本，1930年前后因《阿Q正传》的日译，鲁迅在日本逐渐受到敬重，开启了日本的「鲁迅学」的序幕。在东亚反法西斯的文化阵线上，作为中国的作家，鲁迅率先登上日本文坛，开辟了「弱小民族」在日本的文化阵地，让日本普罗文学界开始注意台湾与朝鲜、「满州」的作家，也打开了日本人关注「弱小民族文学」的视野。本文将以「翻译鲁迅」的现象说明中、日「地下火」之一脉相连，描述二战前国际主义的普罗文学运动的文化场域之一隅。同时从光复初期台湾文化界再生产「鲁迅的战斗精神」的文化资本，以抗议国共内战的爆发与国民党的法西斯统治，说明台湾与二、三O年代以来中、日文化界传布鲁迅战斗精神的反法西斯运动的「地下火」连成一脉的历史意义