Edge functionalized graphene layers for better ultimate properties of elastomer nanocomposites

This work considers elastomer nanocomposites based on natural rubber (NR) and high surface area graphite (HSAG), either pristine or functionalized with a biobased janus molecule, 2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1,3-propanediol (SP) also named as serinol pyrrole (HSAG-SP). Pristine HSAG nanocomposites were prepared through melt blending while the ones containing HSAG-SP were prepared through latex blending. The functionalization of HSAG with SP appears to lead to: lower viscosity, a comparable vulcanization kinetics, a lower Payne effect from shear strain sweep analyses, better tensile ultimate properties and an improved fracture behavior. All these experimental findings seem to suggest that functionalization of HSAG with SP allows a better dispersion of the filler in the rubber matrix. Such better dispersion is probably due to the synergistic effect of the functionalization of HSAG with polar groups and the preparation of the composite through latex blending. Functionalization therefore appears to be a promising tool for the reduction of the amount of filler in the composite, allowing the design of high performance, lighter and more sustainable materials for tyre applications