Historical transport policy developments: comparative analysis report (D4.3)

Bringing together findings from each stage 3 cities (Berlin, Copenhagen, Paris Ile-de-France, London, Vienna), this D4.3 Comparative analysis report seeks to develop a comprehensive comparative analysis of policy developments relating to traffic congestion and car use over the past four decades. More precisely, it identifies those change factors that are specific to transport policies, and those that are related with the salience of transport issues in each city’s wider socio-political context. Moreover, it contributes to the understanding of which factors facilitated the introduction of sustainable mobility policies and which have retarded or blocked their introduction in different political and institutional contexts. Finally, this D4.3 Comparative analysis report discusses the relevance of the stage 1-to-3 evolutionary approach for understanding policy chang