Summary Introduction: Osteoprotegerin (OPG) plays a crucial role in the control of bone resorption through competitive inhibition of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). This process leads to inhibition of osteoclasts differentiation and activity. The aim of the following study was to evaluate the distribution of genotypes of -163A>G and 1181G>C polymorphisms in OPG gene, and analyze their relationship with bone mineral density (BMD) and other parameters of bone turnover in population of Polish postmenopausal women. Material and method: The study included 310 postmenopausal Caucasian women (54,48}8,53 years); 139 women with osteoporosis, 107 with osteopenia and 64 healthy women. Genetic analysis was performed by PCR/RFLP ...