Ewing sarcoma

Ewing sarcoma is a group of low-differentiated, high-grade, small-cell tumours. It is the third most common malignancy among primary bone tumours in adults. The prognosis of Ewing sarcoma is bad, and very often at the time of diagnosis the disease is highly advanced. For patients with localized disease, who have no metastases diagnosed at baseline, it is necessary to use combined treatment. It consists of induction chemotherapy (12–18 weeks) + local treatment (surgery ± radiotherapy or radiotherapy), and is followed by adjuvant consolidation chemotherapy. The whole treatment takes about 48–52 weeks. Advances in multidisciplinary treatment, including combined chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy have resulted in a significant improvement in patients’ quality of life and prognosis. Clinical trials are currently underway and new treatment standards are being developed