A meta-analysis of prevalence estimates and moderators of low bone mass in people with schizophrenia

ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and moderators of low bone mass, osteopenia and osteoporosis in schizophrenia patients. MethodMajor electronic databases were searched from inception till December 2013 for studies reporting the prevalence of low bone mass (osteopenia+osteoporosis=primary outcome), osteopenia or osteoporosis in schizophrenia patients. Two independent authors completed methodological appraisal and extracted data. A random effects meta-analysis was utilized. ResultsNineteen studies were included (n=3038 with schizophrenia; 59.2% male; age 24.5-58.9years). The overall prevalence of low bone mass was 51.7% (95% CI=43.1-60.3%); 40.0% (CI=34.7-45.4%) had osteopenia and 13.2% (CI=7.8-21.6%) had osteoporosis. Compared with controls, schizophrenia patients had significantly increased risk of low bone mass (OR=1.9, CI=1.30-2.77,