Índice de Controle Ambiental das Unidades de Conservação do Maranhão

O presente estudo objetiva expor o desenvolvimento do Índice de Controle Ambiental – ICA das Unidades de Conservação do Maranhão, a partir da mensuração de indicadores ambientais e institucionais. Busca-se dessa forma, representar a influência da dinâmica territorial sobre a efetividade das 11 UCs do Maranhão. Metodologias como esta tornam-se cada vez mais indispensável, em um cenário de institucionalização de área protegidas e efetivação de parques outrora somente existentes em papel. Avança-se nesse contexto, a partir da proposição e desenvolvimento de métodos capazes de considerar as complexidades envolvida na questão, como a relação entre a escala local e regional, rápida aplicação, alta capacidade de reprodução e baixa subjetividade. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, utilizou-se o método de análise multicritério conhecido como Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), alicerçados por técnicas ligados ao Sistema de Informação Geográfico – SIGs. Desse modo foi possível identificar que entre as UCs em análise, 18% possuem nível insatisfatório de efetividade, enquanto que outros 18% possuem grau pouco satisfatório, 54% possui nível medianamente e 18% nível reconhecido como satisfatório. A consolidação desta metodologia traz consigo contribuições aplicadas a otimização do planejamento, implantação e gestão das Unidades de Conservação do Maranhão, bem como em outros estados, a partir deste estudo.The present study aims to develop the Environmental Control Index – ECI (ICA, in portuguese) of the protect areas of Maranhão, based on the measurement of environmental and institutional indicators. This research seeks to represent the influence of territorial dynamics on the effectiveness of protected areas applied in 11 PAs of Maranhão. Methodologies such as the aforementioned become increasingly indispensable, in a scenario of institutionalization of conservation units and implementation of paper parks. It advances in this context, from the proposition and development of methods capable of considering the complexities of protected areas, such as the relation between local and regional scale, rapid application, high reproductive capacity and low subjectivity. For the development of the research, we used the multicriteria analysis method known as Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), based on techniques linked to the Geographic Information System (GIS). In this way it was possible to identify that 18% of the PAs under analysis have an unsatisfactory level of effectiveness, while 18% have an unsatisfactory degree, 54% have a medium level and 18% have a satisfactory level. The consolidation of this methodology brings with it applied contributions to the optimization of planning, implementation and management of the protect areas of Maranhão, as well as in other locations, from this study.The present study aims to develop the Environmental Control Index – ECI (ICA, in portuguese) of the protect areas of Maranhão, based on the measurement of environmental and institutional indicators. This research seeks to represent the influence of territorial dynamics on the effectiveness of protected areas applied in 11 PAs of Maranhão. Methodologies such as the aforementioned become increasingly indispensable, in a scenario of institutionalization of conservation units and implementation of paper parks. It advances in this context, from the proposition and development of methods capable of considering the complexities of protected areas, such as the relation between local and regional scale, rapid application, high reproductive capacity and low subjectivity. For the development of the research, we used the multicriteria analysis method known as Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), based on techniques linked to the Geographic Information System (GIS). In this way it was possible to identify that 18% of the PAs under analysis have an unsatisfactory level of effectiveness, while 18% have an unsatisfactory degree, 54% have a medium level and 18% have a satisfactory level. The consolidation of this methodology brings with it applied contributions to the optimization of planning, implementation and management of the protect areas of Maranhão, as well as in other locations, from this study