The Effectiveness of Iontophoresis in Modulating Pain and Inflammation in Musculoskeletal Conditions

Iontophoresis is a modality that uses bipolar electrodes to transfer ions in solution through the intact skin. Iontophoresis, a painless and noninvasive intervention, provides patients and practitioners with an alternative treatment from traditional needle injections for a variety of musculoskeletal conditions. This project is a literature review of the effectiveness of iontophoresis in modulating pain and inflammation for patients with musculoskeletal conditions