Faktor Kritikal Kejayaan Kepada Amalan Pengurusan Kualiti Menyeluruh (TQM) Di Sekolah : Satu Kajian Perbandingan

This study carried out to measure the relation and effect of critical success factors to the TQM practice in schools, identify the dominan critical success factors in influencing the practice of TQM in schools, measure the difference in the level of TQM implementation amongst the different achieving schools especially in the 5 Stars Programme of Kedah State Education Department and also to calculate the current level of TQM practice in the secondary educational sector. Data for this study were analyzed based on the questionaire responses of the 262 teachers who representated the population of 327 teachers from the four ordinary secondary schools in Kubang Pasu District, Kedah. Therefore, the return rates of this study is 80.12% with 6 1.5% of the respondents are females and 38.5% are males. The study used questionaires as the instrument which is consist of 43 items. Descriptive statistical technique that is frequency and mean and inferency statistical technique such as Pearson correlation, multiple regression and t-test were used to address the research purposes. There are three hypothesis were tested at confidence level, P < 0.05. The results indicated that these three null hypothesis have been fully rejected. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that top management commitment factor is having the highest correlation with the TQM practice in schools. The other critical success factors that showed highly correlated to the practice of TQM concept in schools are training and recognition, staff participation and quality strategic planning. However, performance appraisal was identified as the lowest correlated factor to the TQM practice. Using multiple regression technique, all the critical success factors showed highly significant relation and effect toward the practice of TQM philosophy in educational sector. At least 62.60% variance in TQM practice in schools can be explained by all the critical success factors as the independent variable. Top management commitment, staff participation and, training and recognition were found to be the most important factors in contributing to the practice of TQM. T-test in this study also explained a very significant difference in the practice of TQM, bothly between the different achieving schools and also amongst schools in the same category of performance. These difference significantly exist in TQM practice from the dimensions of customer focus, achievement oriented, team work and quality assurance. The overall of TQM practice level in the educational sector through this study is quite excellent with the average mean value nears to 4.0 (Likert scale 1 to 5) and its also competitive to the industrial sector. According to these finding so that the all five objectives of this study have been achieved properly. The important implication of this study is management and behaviour factors, bothly are playing a big role in influencing the positive organizational culture toward improving the organizational performance. The findings of this study not only very important, relevant and suitable to the schools environment and culture but also proved that the TQM concepts are applicable in the educational area