An epistemological mistake is at the basis of: (1) the presupposition according to which the advance of the neurosciences will manage to make superfluous the explanations of psychoanalysis, (2) the idea that the latter will eventually be reduced to neurosciences’ explanations, (3) the thesis that neurosciences will demonstrate psychoanalysis. This mistake has important ethical consequences because it misunderstands that psychoanalysis deals with the subject of the unconscious.Suponer que el avance de las neurociencias puede llegar a inhabilitar las explicaciones psicoanalíticas; pensar que las explicaciones psicoanalíticas son potencialmente reductibles a explicaciones fisioneuronales y/o pensar que las neurociencias pueden demostrar el psi...