A Retrospective Hospital Record Based Analysis on Demographic Profile and Associated Complications/Comorbidities in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending a Clinic of Punjab, India

Background: India is home to the second largest number of adults living with type 2 diabetes (T2D) worldwide. Comorbidities like obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia have also increased dramatically with rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes and are known to affect both the course and outcome of the disease. The large proportion of patients presenting with T2D in our clinic prompted us to do this study because there is need to increase awareness of metabolic risk factors and how to prevent them. Furthermore, for the prevention and better management of diabetes, it is also vital to know the profile of these patients.Methods: This was a retrospective clinic-record based study involving a total of 760 type 2 diabetic patients visiting our diabetes clinic from 2011 to 2015 to assess demographic profile and co-morbidities/complications associated with T2D patients.Results: Among the 760 study participants, we found that 303 were males and 457 were females. T2D was most common (72.37%) among those between age group of 41-60 years. Almost 75.13% had uncontrolled diabetes. Dyslipidemia (hypertriglyceridemia) was the most common comorbidity seen in nearly 95.92% T2D patients in this study. Nearly 65.53% of the diabetic patients were hypertensive and 59.87% were either overweight or obese. Macrovascular complications were also seen in a significant 24.74% of the T2D patients and amongst microvascular complications neuropathy and retinopathy (20.13% and 19.34% respectively) were common.Conclusion: In this study most of the type 2 diabetic patients were between 41-60 years of age group with females being the majority of them. Neuropathy and retinopathy were most common diabetes related complications. There was high proportion of dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity among these T2D patients