An Endoscopic Subcutaneous Dissector for Obtaining Vein Grafts.

Recent improvements in internal mechanical retractors have resulted in a commercially available endoscopic subcutaneous dissector that has an inverted pistol grip for ease of retraction, an end-mounted endoscope channel, and a distal, translucent spoon-shaped shield that maintains the optical cavity. This provides an effective reach that is valuable for the minimally invasive harvest of any long, narrow structure--the greater saphenous vein in particular--as shown in this preliminary study with 2 patients. Such extracted vein grafts taken grossly from above and below the knee appear normal. Long-term histological changes and rates of conduit patency are still unknown. The limited-access incisions necessary for this endoscopic vein harvest definitely are smaller, and can be oriented transversely to minimize further the disfigurement from any resulting scar when compared with traditional methods