国体集団演技に関する基礎的研究 (第2報) : 第1回国体から第10回国体マスゲームの演技内容の変遷について

The purpose of this study was to investigate the the trend of massgame (collective exhibition of gymnastics and dance at the sports festival) in the First National Sports Festival to the Tenth National Sports Festival (N. S. F). By analysis of the reports on National Sports Festival the manuals for the practice of massgame and the photograph of album, the management of N. S. F, the relationship between the ceremony and the massgame, the exhibition of massgame, the idea of the performance, and the composition of program were arranged, and performance contents were investigated, along with the changes from the First Festival to the Tenth. The results of this study may be summarized as follows : 1. The management of the N. S. F and the ceremony was different in each Festival. The massgame was held before and after the opening ceremony from the First Festival to the Fifth, and from the Sixth, was taken up at the opening ceremony as "KOKAIENNGI". 2. As for the characteristics of the performance of massgame in the First to the Tenth, in the First Festival to the Third, the massgame was not included in the opening ceremony but was held after it. In the Fourth Festival, the number of performances and the contents increased. The program of the massgame consisted of a gymnastics group and a dance group. In the Fifth Festival, the number of performances remarkably increased. It included gymnastics and dance. At the Sixth Festival, the massgame formed a part of the opening ceremony as the massdemonnstration "KOKAIENGI". The Seventh Festival was held in The Tohoku district, but with few performances. The Eighth Fesitval was held in The Shikoku district. The composition consisted of many gymnastics and dance which had the characteristics of the localism. The Ninth Festival was held in The Hokkaido district, and it had the feature including gymnastics, dance, and the others performances such as "Tumbling" and "Windinstrument music." At the Tenth Festival, the fundamental rule of massgame was established for these N. S. F, and composition, the performance were upgraded and firmly establisched. 3. As for the performance and changes of composition program at First through Tenth, the contents of program varied with the each Festival. The contents in the First Festival was group free gymnastics and the contents at the Second and Third Festival was obscure. From Fourth to Seventh Festivals, there was an equal number of gymnastics group and dance group represented. The others were a very few. At Eighth Festival, the number of gym. group was more than the dance group. The others were a few. At Ninth Festival, the dance group was more than the gym. group. The others were a few. In Tenth Festival, the other performance outsripped dance and gymnastics. The change was remarkable. From the First Festival to the Tenth, performance in the order of highest frequency were gymnastics group such as "gymnastic (Freegymnastic)", expressiv gym nastia "Kokutetsutaisou", and in dance group, creative dance, rhythmic movements (play)", "Squaredance", and in the others, "japanese folkdance". 4. The number of performers from First to Tenth Festival, varied with each Festival and in the typical case number of performers in the massgame were from 500 to 1000 and from 1000 to 1500 people. 5. The group of performance were mostly the educational institution such as elemenatary, junior, and senior high school, and then, the civic group, the womankind, athletes, and special skilled person etc