Prevalencia de caries e índice COP en población escolar de 12 años del municipio de Copacabana 2013-2014

Objective: Calculate the prevalence of caries and related factors in schoolchildren from 12 years in the municipality of Copacabana. Materials and methods: Cross sectional study, with a sample of 483 adolescents. Sociodemographic and practice in oral health variables were evaluated. Oral and evaluation DMF index according to the recommendations of the Ministry of Health was conducted. Univariate, bivariate analysis and OR calculation was performed. Results: 51% were men, 77.8% live in urban areas, 56.5% belong to stratum 2 and 63.6% belong to the contributory scheme. 41.8% change the toohtbrush every 30 days. 81.4% use dental floss with occasional use by 41.6% of students. Caries prevalence was higher in men with 53.6%, in rural área with 60.5%, in stratum 1 with 65.4% and subsidized scheme with 57.2%. The traditional DMF index was 1.26 and the modified was 0.99. The urban area of residence (OR 0.59 IC95% 0.38 to 0.92) and frequency upshift toohtbrush at 90 days (OR 0.54 IC95% 0.30 to 0.97) were identified as protective factors. Conclusion: Adolescents from the town of Copacabana present a lower prevalence in caries experience, as well as a traditional and modified DMF index lower than that reported by other studies. The importance of strengthening oral health habits such as flossing, control sugar intake and regular visits to the dentist is highlighted.Objective: Calculate the prevalence ofcaries and related factors in schoolchildrenfrom 12 years in the municipality ofCopacabana.Materials and methods: Cross sectionalstudy, with a sample of 483 adolescents.Sociodemographic and practice in oralhealth variables were evaluated. Oral andevaluation DMF index according to therecommendations of the Ministry of Healthwas conducted. Univariate, bivariate analysisand OR calculation was performed.Results: 51% were men, 77.8% live inurban areas, 56.5% belong to stratum 2 and63.6% belong to the contributory scheme.41.8% change the toohtbrush every 30days. 81.4% use dental floss with occasionaluse by 41.6% of students. Cariesprevalence was higher in men with 53.6%,in rural área with 60.5%, in stratum 1 with65.4% and subsidized scheme with 57.2%.The traditional DMF index was 1.26 andthe modified was 0.99. The urban area ofresidence (OR 0.59 IC95% 0.38 to 0.92)and frequency upshift toohtbrush at 90days (OR 0.54 IC95% 0.30 to 0.97) wereidentified as protective factors.Conclusion: Adolescents from the town ofCopacabana present a lower prevalence incaries experience, as well as a traditionaland modified DMF index lower than thatreported by other studies. The importanceof strengthening oral health habits such asflossing, control sugar intake and regularvisits to the dentist is highlighted.RESUMENObjetivo: Calcular la prevalencia de caries y los factores relacionados en la población escolar de 12 años del municipio de Copacabana. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de prevalencia analítico, con una muestra de 483 adolescentes de 12 años escolarizados del municipio. Se evaluaron variables sociodemográficas y de prácticas en salud oral. Se realizó la valoración de la cavidad bucal y el cálculo del índice COP de acuerdo a las recomendaciones del Ministerio de Salud. Se realizó un análisis univariado, bivariado y cálculo de OR. Resultados: El 51% corresponden a hombres, 77.8% viven en la zona urbana, 56.5% pertenecen al estrato 2 y 63.6% pertenecen al régimen contributivo. El 41.8% cambia el cepillo cada 30 días. El 81.4% utiliza seda dental, con un uso ocasional por el 41.6% de los estudiantes. La prevalencia de caries fue mayor en hombres con 53.6% en zona rural con 60.5%, en estrato 1 con 65.4% y en régimen subsidiado con 57.2%. El índice COP tradicional fue de 1.26 y el modificado de 0.99. La zona de residencia urbana (OR 0.59 IC95% 0.38-0.92) y la frecuencia de cambio de cepillo menor a 90 días (OR 0.54 IC95% 0.30-0.97) se identificaron como factores protectores. Conclusión: Los adolescentes escolarizados del municipio de Copacabana presentan una prevalencia menor en la experiencia de caries, lo mismo que un COP tradicional y modificado inferior a lo reportado por otros estudios. Se resalta la importancia de fortalecer hábitos de salud oral como el uso de seda dental, control del consumo de azúcares y la visita regular al odontólogo. Palabras clave: Caries dental, índice COP, prevalencia. SUMMARYObjective: Calculate the prevalence of caries and related factors in schoolchildren from 12 years in the municipality of Copacabana. Materials and methods: Cross sectional study, with a sample of 483 adolescents. Sociodemographic and practice in oral health variables were evaluated. Oral and evaluation DMF index according to the recommendations of the Ministry of Health was conducted. Univariate, bivariate analysis and OR calculation was performed. Results: 51% were men, 77.8% live in urban areas, 56.5% belong to stratum 2 and 63.6% belong to the contributory scheme. 41.8% change the toohtbrush every 30 days. 81.4% use dental floss with occasional use by 41.6% of students. Caries prevalence was higher in men with 53.6%, in rural área with 60.5%, in stratum 1 with 65.4% and subsidized scheme with 57.2%. The traditional DMF index was 1.26 and the modified was 0.99. The urban area of residence (OR 0.59 IC95% 0.38 to 0.92) and frequency upshift toohtbrush at 90 days (OR 0.54 IC95% 0.30 to 0.97) were identified as protective factors. Conclusion: Adolescents from the town of Copacabana present a lower prevalence in caries experience, as well as a traditional and modified DMF index lower than that reported by other studies. The importance of strengthening oral health habits such as flossing, control sugar intake and regular visits to the dentist is highlighted. Key words: Dental caries, DMF index, prevalence