Importance of biogenic precursors to the budget of organic nitrates: observations of multifunctional organic nitrates by CIMS and TD-LIF during BEARPEX 2009

Alkyl and multifunctional organic nitrates, molecules of the chemical form RONO<sub>2</sub>, are products of chain terminating reactions in the tropospheric HO<sub>x</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> catalytic cycles and thereby impact ozone formation locally. Many of the molecules in the class have lifetimes that are long enough that they can be transported over large distances. If the RONO<sub>2</sub> then decompose to deliver NO<sub>x</sub> to remote regions they affect ozone production rates in locations distant from the original NO<sub>x</sub> source. While measurements of total RONO<sub>2</sub> (ΣANs) and small straight chain alkyl nitrates are routine, measurements of the specific multifunctional RONO<sub>2</sub> molecules that are believed to dominate the total have rarely been reported and never reported in coincidence with ambient ΣANs measurements. Here we describe observations obtained during the BEARPEX 2009 experiment including ΣANs and a suite of multifunctional nitrates including isoprene derived hydroxynitrates, oxidation products of those nitrates, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MBO) derived hydroxynitrates, and monoterpene nitrates. At the BEARPEX field site, the sum of the individual biogenically derived nitrates account for two-thirds of the ΣANs, confirming predictions of the importance of biogenic nitrates to the NO<sub>y</sub> budget. Isoprene derived nitrates, transported to the site, are a much larger fraction of the ΣANs at the site than the nitrates derived from the locally emitted MBO. Evidence for additional nitrates, possibly from nocturnal chemistry of isoprene and α-pinene, is presented