Probing dense baryon-rich matter with virtual photons
- Adamczewski-Musch, J.
- Arnold, O.
- Behnke, C.
- Belounnas, A.
- Belyaev, A.
- Berger-Chen, J.C.
- Biernat, J.
- Blanco, A.
- Blume, C.
- Böhmer, M.
- Bordalo, P.
- Chernenko, S.
- Chlad, L.
- Deveaux, C.
- Dittert, D.
- Dreyer, J.
- Dybczak, A.
- Epple, E.
- Fabbietti, L.
- Fateev, O.
- Filip, P.
- Fonte, P.
- Franco, C.
- Friese, J.
- Fröhlich, I.
- Galatyuk, T.
- Garzón, J.A.
- Gernhäuser, R.
- Golubeva, M.
- Greifenhagen, R.
- Guber, F.
- Gumberidze, M.
- Harabasz, S.
- Heinz, T.
- Hennino, T.
- Hlavac, S.
- Höhne, C.
- Holzmann, R.
- Ierusalimov, A.
- Ivashkin, A.
- Kämpfer, B.
- Karavicheva, T.
- Kardan, B.
- Koenig, I.
- Koenig, W.
- Kolb, B.W.
- Korcyl, G.
- Kornakov, G.
- Kotte, R.
- Kugler, A.
- Kunz, T.
- Kurepin, A.
- Kurilkin, A.
- Kurilkin, P.
- Ladygin, V.
- Lalik, R.
- Lapidus, K.
- Lebedev, A.
- Lopes, L.
- Lorenz, M.
- Mahmoud, T.
- Maier, L.
- Mangiarotti, A.
- Markert, J.
- Maurus, S.
- Metag, V.
- Michel, J.
- Mihaylov, D.M.
- Morozov, S.
- Müntz, C.
- Münzer, R.
- Naumann, L.
- Nowakowski, K.N.
- Palka, M.
- Parpottas, Y.
- Pechenov, V.
- Pechenova, O.
- Petukhov, O.
- Pietraszko, J.
- Przygoda, W.
- Ramos, S.
- Ramstein, B.
- Reshetin, A.
- Rodriguez-Ramos, P.
- Rosier, P.
- Rost, A.
- Sadovsky, A.
- Salabura, P.
- Scheib, T.
- Schuldes, H.
- Schwab, E.
- Scozzi, F.
- Seck, F.
- Sellheim, P.
- Selyuzhenkov, I.
- Siebenson, J.
- Silva, L.
- Sobolev, Yu.G.
- Spataro, S.
- Spies, S.
- Ströbele, H.
- Stroth, J.
- Strzempek, P.
- Sturm, C.
- Svoboda, O.
- Szala, M.
- Tlusty, P.
- Traxler, M.
- Tsertos, H.
- Usenko, E.
- Wagner, V.
- Wendisch, C.
- Wiebusch, M.G.
- Wirth, J.
- Zanevsky, Y.
- Zumbruch, P.
DOIAbstract
International audienceAbout 10 μs after the Big Bang, the universe was filled—in addition to photons and leptons—with strong-interaction matter consisting of quarks and gluons, which transitioned to hadrons at temperatures close to kT = 150 MeV and densities several times higher than those found in nuclei. This quantum chromodynamics (QCD) matter can be created in the laboratory as a transient state by colliding heavy ions at relativistic energies. The different phases in which QCD matter may exist depend for example on temperature, pressure or baryochemical potential, and can be probed by studying the emission of electromagnetic radiation. Electron–positron pairs emerge from the decay of virtual photons, which immediately decouple from the...
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