Soil fungal assemblage complexity is dependent on soil fertility and dominated by deterministic processes

International audienceIn the processes controlling ecosystem fertility, fungi are increasingly acknowledged as key drivers. However, the understanding of the rules of fungal community assembly regarding the effect of soil fertility level is still limited. Using soil samples from typical tea plantations spanning approximately a 2,167 km north-east to south-west across China, this study investigated the assemblage complexity and assembly processes of 140 fungal communities along a soil fertility gradient. The community dissimilarities of total fungi and fungal functional guilds increased with increasing soil fertility index dissimilarity. The symbiotrophs were more sensitive to the variation of soil fertility than those of pathotrophs and saprotrophs. Fungal networks exhibited larger size and higher connectivity as well as greater potential for inter-module connection in more fertile soils. Environmental factors had a slightly greater influence on fungal community composition than spatial factors. Species abundance fitted the Zipf-Mandelbrot distribution (niche-based mechanisms), which provided evidence for deterministic-based processes. Overall, the soil fungal communities in tea plantations responded in a deterministic manner to soil fertility, with high fertility correlated with complex fungal community assemblages. This study provides new insights that might contribute to predictions of fungal community complexity