Rhythm as an art principle in the artwork of lower primary school pupils

Neka od obilježja dječjeg izraza, među kojima je i ritmičnost, bitno je razvijati kod učenika odnosno usmjeravati ih da ga uoče i primjenjuju u svojim radovima. Učenici korištenjem ritma uočavaju kako ponavljanjem jednog ili više elemenata daju potpuno novu svrhu tome elementu. Istraživački je interes utvrditi utječe li dob učenika na uspješnost ostvarenja likovnog problema ritma. Također, zainteresiranost hoće li učenici održati koncentraciju te biti dosljedni u održavanju ritma te utječe li likovna tehnika na prikaz ritma. Istraživanje je provedeno u osnovnoj školi „Antun Mihanović“ u dva druga i dva četvrta razreda u dvije likovne tehnike kolaž i tuš. Istraživački se uzorak sastojao od 78 učenika. Istraživanje je potvrdilo očekivanje te je na osnovu provedenog istraživanja zaključeno da su učenici sposobni izraziti sve vrste ritma i to u obje likovne tehnike bez obzira na učeničku dob.Some of the features of the child's expression, including rhythmicity, are important to develop among the pupils, or in other words, it is important to direct them to notice it and apply it in their work. Pupils, while using the rhythm, notice that repeating one or more elements gives a completely new purpose to that element. The purpose of the experiment is to determine whether the age of the pupil influences the ability to comprehend the artistic problem of rhythm. Furthermore, the questions were whether the pupils will keep their focus and remain consistent in maintaining the rhythm, and whether the art technique is affecting the ability to show the rhythm. The research was conducted in the elementary school of "Antun Mihanović" in two second and two fourth grades using two art techniques, the first being collage and the other one being drawing ink. The research sample consisted of 78 pupils. The research confirmed the expectation and based on the conducted research it was concluded that the students were able to express all kinds of rhythms in both visual techniques regardless of their age