Reduction in astigmatism in manual small incision cataract surgery through change of incision site

To compare the astigmatism induced by a superior, supero-temporal and temporal incision in manual small incision cataract surgery. Induced astigmatism was analysed by Cartesian coordinates based analysis, using Holladay′s system. Mean astigmatism induced by surgery was 1.28 D x 2.9 degrees for superior incision, 0.20 D x 23.7 degrees for supero-temporal incision and 0.37 D x 90 degrees for temporal incision. The study found that induced astigmatism was lower in the temporal and superotemporal groups compared to that in the superior group