Development of standard housing in soviet russiafrom 1917 till 1940 РАЗВИТИЕ ТИПОВОГО ЖИЛИЩНОГО СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА В СОВЕТСКОЙ РОССИИ С 1917 ПО 1940 г.

In the paper, the co-authors discuss the historical background of the housing problem in Russia and ways of its resolution. Many architects resolved this problem through extensive application of standard projects to residential housing buildings. Samples of initial standard designs recommended for large-scale construction in the country are provided in the paper.Construction of residential housing was one of the most rapidly developing trends in the architecture in the USSR and other countries in the 20th century. Social needs determined the trends for development of housing designs. The needs were met by taking account of basic economic and political conditions specified by the Soviet government. The basic social problem of housing was resolved on the nationwide scale. The challenge of providing housing to almost all households in Soviet Russia was the first experience of this kind in the history of architecture. The above mentioned challenge involved a continuous search for rational housing designs. Slogans of the 20ies read as “A new type of residential housing to the socialist country. The new socialist society needs new forms and types of housing meeting new requirements applied to households”.Рассмотрен исторический процесс решения жилищной проблемы в России. Пути решения данной проблемы многие архитекторы видели в широком применении типовых проектов в области строительства жилья. Приведены примеры первых типовых проектов, рекомендованных для массового строительства на территории страны